Compression Stockings: How to Choose and Wear Them Correctly

Compression stockings are the only non-pharmacological intervention with proven benefits for symptoms of venous insufficiency. But they only work when three conditions are met: the correct compression class, an accurate size, and proper wear. Get any one of these wrong and you end up with an expensive, uncomfortable stocking that does nothing.

How It Works

Medical-grade compression stockings apply graduated pressure — highest at the ankle, gradually decreasing toward the thigh. This gradient supports the calf muscle pump in pushing blood upward and prevents it from pooling. Ordinary 'shaping' tights apply uniform pressure, or even the reverse — they have nothing to do with vein treatment.

Compression Classes

• Preventive (approx. 15–18 mmHg) — for healthy individuals during flights, pregnancy without varicose veins, or jobs that require prolonged standing
• Class 1 (18–21 mmHg) — early symptoms such as spider veins, heaviness, or mild evening swelling; recommended by a doctor
• Class 2 (23–32 mmHg) — diagnosed varicose veins, recovery after sclerotherapy, EVLA, or surgery — by prescription only
• Class 3 and above — severe venous insufficiency, lymphedema; fitted exclusively by a physician

Compression class is a medical decision, not a case of 'the stronger the better.' Excessive compression without a clinical indication makes the stocking uncomfortable — and it ends up in a drawer. The right starting point is a vein duplex ultrasound and a recommendation based on the results.

How to Take Your Measurements

1. 1Measure in the morning, before any swelling develops — ideally right after getting up
2. 2The circumference of the ankle at its narrowest point is the key measurement
3. 3The circumference of the calf at its widest point
4. 4For thigh-high stockings — the thigh circumference 5 cm below the gluteal fold, plus leg length
5. 5Always cross-reference with the specific brand's size chart — sizing grids vary between manufacturers

How to Put On and Wear Compression Stockings

• Put them on in the morning before getting out of bed, or immediately after rising — while the leg is still free of swelling
• Gather the stocking like an accordion and roll it onto the leg — never pull from the top
• Smooth out any folds: a fold creates a tourniquet effect with doubled pressure
• Rubber gloves make the process noticeably easier and protect the fabric
• Wear during the day and remove at night — unless your doctor has advised otherwise

Care and Lifespan

• Wash daily or every other day: by hand or on a gentle machine cycle up to 40°C, without fabric softener
• Dry flat, away from radiators and direct sunlight
• Compression 'wears out' over time: replace stockings approximately every 4–6 months of regular use

When Compression Is Especially Important

• Flights over 4 hours and long-distance travel — especially in the presence of risk factors
• Pregnancy with varicose veins or a hereditary predisposition
• After sclerotherapy, EVLA, or vein surgery — according to your doctor's protocol
• Jobs involving prolonged standing or sitting when early venous symptoms are present

This article is for informational purposes only and does not replace a consultation with a qualified physician. If you are experiencing symptoms, please see a specialist.